![]() ![]() The most used tip for routine catheterization is the Nelaton tip which is round with two drainage eyes. Urinary catheters are available with different tip designs. 30cc (ml) or even more is only needed for special interventions when more pressure needs to be applied to stop bleeding, for example after prostate resection. Inflate the balloon with liquid according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.ġ0cc (ml) is the most common balloon size, suitable for most patients. An undersized balloon on the other hand, might fall down into the urethra. An oversized balloon puts unnecessary pressure on the sensitive bladder bottom. Overinflation may also result in increased residual urine volume as the balloon sits higher in the bladder. Over- or underinflation can lead to catheter complications such as bladder spasms. Use the smallest possible balloon to keep the catheter in place in the bladder. The balloon should be inflated with the amount that is indicated on the catheter connection, behind the size of the catheter. ![]() When the catheter has been inserted all the way into the bladder the balloon is inflated to keep the catheter in place. Urinary catheters mostly use color coding for different sizes, such as: SizeĬloudy urine, blood in the urine without clots The most common sizes used with adults are 12 Fr and 14 Fr, sometimes 16 Fr. If the diameter on the other hand is too small, it will take too long for the urine to exit which increases the risk for catheter blockage.Ī general rule of thumb is to use the smallest possible catheter that will do the job. A catheter with a large diameter can expose the mucosa of the urethra to too much pressure, resulting in tissue damage. The outer diameter of the catheter is measured in Charrière (Ch) also known as French Gauge (Fr). This may only have a short term effect and could potentially harm the patient’s tissue. There are also coatings where the mechanism is to release antimicrobials such as silver ions, chlorhexidine or antibiotics that kill microbes. Less bacteria adhere to the Bactiguard coated surface, which decreases the risk for biofilm formation leading to infection. Read more about catheter-related urinary tract infection > Catheter with Bactiguard coating If they begin to disperse, there is an increased risk of infection. When enough bacteria have colonized the surface, they form a biofilm. Read more about the Bactiguard technology > Catheter without infection protection The microcurrents that occur reduce microbial adhesion, which decreases the risk of biofilm formation leading to urinary tract infection. When in contact with fluid (urine), the noble metals create a galvanic effect. Infection prevention – Bactiguard infection protection technologyīactiguard’s infection prevention technology, BIP, is based on a very thin noble metal alloy coating, consisting of gold, silver and palladium, firmly attached to the urinary catheter. The hydrophilic coating also protects the tissue against latex. Better comfort – Hydrophilic coatingĬatheters with hydrophilic coating are highly biocompatible and have lower friction which provides better comfort for the patient. Latex catheters can be coated with a thin layer of silicone or teflon, to protect the patient’s tissue against latex. Protect against latex – Silicone elastomer and PTFE They might serve different purposes: to either protect the patient against the core latex material, to ease handling and provide more comfort, or to protect against infections. There are different coatings on the core catheter material available on the market today. Silicone catheters are cuffed with sterile water for use up to 2 weeks for longer term usage, glycerine solution should be used to avoid fluid diffusion. Patients with a known latex allergy should not be treated with a latex catheter. Silicone is tissue friendly, hypoallergenic, and causes less irritation than latex. Latex catheters are cuffed with sterile water. It should always be coated with a protective layer as latex otherwise can cause tissue irritation. Latex is a very soft and flexible material, providing comfort for the patient. Silicone is a firmer material than latex, and allows for a larger inner lumen while keeping the outer diameter the same size. Each have pros and cons and it is important to choose the right material for each individual patient. Today latex and silicone are the most commonly used materials. Indwelling catheters are available in several different materials. The function of the core material is to create a hose with a cavity that can drain the urine. ![]()
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![]() ![]() This was needed because writing was scriptio continua, where spacing was not yet used as a word divider. In Greek, two dots, called a trema, were used in the Hellenistic period on the letters ι and υ, most often at the beginning of a word, as in ϊδων, ϋιος, and ϋβριν, to separate them from a preceding vowel. The word trema ( French: tréma), used in linguistics and also classical scholarship, is from the Greek trē̂ma ( τρῆμα) and means a "perforation", "orifice", or "pip" (as on dice), thus describing the form of the diacritic rather than its function. ![]() The word diaeresis is from Greek diaíresis ( διαίρεσις), meaning "division", "separation", or "distinction". Languages such as Dutch, Afrikaans, Catalan, French, Galician, and Spanish make regular use of the diaeresis. In English language texts it is perhaps most familiar in the loan words naïve, Noël and Chloë, and is also used officially in the name of the island Teän and of Coös County. Nevertheless, it is still used by the US magazine The New Yorker. In British English this usage has been considered obsolete for many years, and in US English, although it persisted for longer, it is now considered archaic as well. ![]() For example, in the spelling "coöperate", the diaeresis reminds the reader that the word has four syllables co-op-er-ate, not three, *coop-er-ate. The diaeresis diacritic indicates that two adjoining letters that would normally form a digraph and be pronounced as one sound, are instead to be read as separate vowels in two syllables. It consists of two dots ¨ placed over a letter, generally a vowel when that letter is an ⟨i⟩, the diacritic replaces the tittle: ⟨ï⟩. The diaeresis ( / d aɪ ˈ ɛr ə s ɪ s, - ˈ ɪər-/ dy- ERR-ə-sis, - EER-) is a diacritical mark used to indicate the separation of two distinct vowels in adjacent syllables when an instance of diaeresis (or hiatus) occurs, so as to distinguish from a digraph or diphthong. ![]() ![]() ![]() You can choose frames in different materials, finishes, and colors to see how they’ll complement your art. Vounįor the artists out there, Voun has it all. The subscription enables you to upload a photo of your own room as well. To get the most out of Artrooms, you can upgrade with a subscription. So if you have a multi-panel creation, you’ll be able to see how everything fits on the wall together. The best feature is that you can display multiple pieces of art on the wall at once. This is ideal for artists to see how their pieces will look in different interiors, and the images you create can be used to promote your art. If you don’t need to visualize the art on your own wall, then Artrooms is a great display art on wall app. So Apple users can rejoice, but we have more preview art on wall app suggestions for those using other operating systems. The downside to Wallary is that it’s only available on the Apple app store. And voila! You can move your camera around to see the art from different angles, and your phone screen will display your room as if it already has the art hanging on the wall. You can upload your art and Wallary will prompt you to scan your room. It uses augmented reality to visualize the photo on your wall in real-time. Wallaryįor a next-level wall art visualizer, Wallary is just that. If you’re looking for an easy wall art visualizer, this is the perfect place to start. WallApp works right in your browser, so you don’t even have to download an app to use it. ![]() From there, you can move the art piece around and see exactly how it’ll look in your home. While other apps will only let you add art pieces to existing photos of rooms, WallApp enables you to use your own walls. WallApp is well-known for good reasons: it’s free and allows you to upload a photo of your room and a piece of artwork to display. We’ve sifted through all the apps and have created a list so that you can find the best display art on wall app for you. Of course, not all wall art visualizer apps are the same. That’s right, you can download a display art on wall app to see exactly how a piece of art will look in any room. Luckily it’s the 21 st century and there’s an app for that. Sometimes you’re not sure how your art will translate in different styles of rooms, or you can’t figure out if the print you’re eyeing up has the right color scheme to tie your room together. We also offer professional art reproduction and photo restoration services.Whether you’re an artist or an art lover, visualizing a piece of art on a wall can be difficult. Get your photos printed digitally - No fading or discoloration with high-quality Epson digital printing that will last a lifetime. If you pick something out above the price paid you will only pay the difference for the new design. If you are not happy we will reframe for a style at the same value. Satisfaction guaranteed - Even the design. Let On the Wall frame and install your oversized art and framed mirrors. Pick-up, delivery, and installation service are available throughout Orange County, Long Beach, and West Los Angeles. We also have a canvas stretching service. Ready-made and custom frames, use the Great Deal collection of custom frames for the best value. See what the finished frame will look like with our frame visualization software. We have a vast selection of custom picture frames with free consultation and estimates. Let On the Wall, craftswomen and craftsmen frame your fine and original art, needlepoint, shadowbox object, poster, or print. ![]() ![]() ![]() he was an honors student, an athlete, a musician, and his favorite color? yellow. he delivered an emotional message in front of thousands at a benifit for the American Cancer society Relay for life. young kevin became and advocate sharing his story and speaking out. he willingly underwent experiment treatment of all kinds yet none of them could save his life. Kevin was diagnosed with stage 4, high risk neuroblastoma at just 10 years old. he battled Neuroblastoma, are rare condition that afflicts less than 700 children annually. but in Calabasas, CA, there was a boy named kevin cordasco. Gianna from Calabasas, Casorry to burst all your theory’s about this song and who it is about.J Tripper from Santa Monica Watch the video at 1.5 speed.I cut them very little slack for keeping it vague enough to appeal to a larger demograph for success, and they should have been more transparent to its origin. Because it's such a lyrically vague yet well thought out song, that I'm still convinced it was also designed for what I had feared originally. Fidxburhjmmkg from UsThank you Gianna from Calabasas.Īlways thought this song was about an Asian girl, and designed to cause Asian girls clothes to fall off.īut now knowing the true backstory to this song, I'm more disgusted with it.Hfopaffdwp from Bvlamy favorite song of all time, reminds me of my mom.Frank from 80237"Look at the stars, look how they shine for you" Van Gogh's favorite color = yellow.Culli from U.s.Music, all music is life.Not Kevin from The Year 2000Gianna from Calabasas, Ca, the most amazing thing is that they wrote the song and released it about Kevin in 2000, and when Kevin was only 4y/o and still 8 years before he was diagnosed.Over the next few years, Coldplay became one of the biggest acts in America and across the globe. Their next singles, " Trouble" and " In My Place," reached #115 and #117 (respectively) in 2002 but were Top 10 UK hits a year earlier in the UK, where they had exploded. It peaked at just #48 in the US on May 19, 2001, but many who heard the song sought out the album, which eventually sold over 2 million copies there. The song slowly caught on as Coldplay toured North America in February 2001. ![]() In late 2000, "Yellow" got some airplay on adventurous radio stations like KROQ in Los Angeles, and Parachutes was released there in November. In America, where Oasis failed to gain a foothold despite a huge promotional push, Coldplay tread lightly. "Yellow" was the first Coldplay single released in America, but in their native UK, where they focused their efforts early on, they had already released two singles: "Brothers & Sisters" and " Shiver." Those songs both charted but "Yellow" was their UK breakthrough, reaching #4 on Jand building anticipation for their debut album, Parachutes, issued there on July 10. ![]() ![]() ![]() That means brands not in those tiered lists will cost much more. Many insurance plans put specific “preferred” brands of meters and test strips in their top formulary tiers. However, you could catch a break if you have a health savings account (HSA), as the Treasury Department recently said that diabetes supplies - and insulin - would be covered in high deductible plans for people who have HSAs.Īlso, your insurance might not cover the brand of test strips you want. ![]() Still, according to experts in the Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology, when choosing a glucose meter, you should consider the accuracy of results as well as:Īre blood glucose test strips covered by insurance?Īccording to survey data passed directly to us from the diabetes research firm dQ&A, most people with diabetes get their test strips through health insurance - 82% of people with type 1 diabetes and 76% of those with type 2 diabetes, to be exact.īut even with this coverage, test strips can often be very pricey.įor one thing, if you have a high deductible health plan, you still might need to pay over-the-counter prices for supplies (and, sadly, insulin) until you meet the deductible. Advocate Redi-Code+ from Diabetic Supply of Suncoast: 76%.So, there’s a whole bunch of test strips and meters out there that are less accurate than they should be. CVS/pharmacy Advanced from Agamatrix: 97%.Walmart ReliOn Confirm (Micro) from Arkray: 97%.In several studies, only six brands passed this accuracy test: The DTS gold standard is that a meter and its test strips should yield blood glucose readings within 15% or 15 mg/dL of the laboratory values at least 95% of the time. The California-based nonprofit Diabetes Technology Society (DTS) tested 18 popular blood glucose meters and compared their results to those of outside laboratories that tested the same blood specimens. There’s also concern about the accuracy of models that have been on the market for many years and have not been tested for accuracy since their original approval by the FDA. This has been a controversial issue because some brands of meters and strips appear more accurate than others. However, backup fingerstick tests are not required by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) with some of the newer CGM systems, including: That includes more than 30% of people with type 1 diabetes who now use CGMs, yet still do fingerstick tests to calibrate (reset the accuracy of) their monitors. Meters and strips are now an essential part of diabetes management for most folks with diabetes. The meter can store that data for later review by you and your doctor. Most meters produce a reading within seconds. To take a blood sugar reading, insert the strip into the meter and apply a drop of blood after using the needle to poke your finger. First developed in 1965 and used in doctors’ offices, meters and test strips became available at home in 1980. Let’s start with the basics: Blood glucose meters and the test strips they require allow you to measure and monitor blood sugar levels at home and on the road. We took a deep dive into questions about the high costs, comparative accuracy, and more about glucose meters and test strips. In fact, more than 38% of those with diabetes in the United States (and 33% around the world) have rationed blood glucose testing supplies, according to a 2018 survey by T1International. Research from 2012 shows that about 27% of diabetes-related expenses at pharmacies are for self-monitoring blood sugar, including meters and test strips. While the high cost of insulin is getting media attention these days, these other vital supplies are a big financial burden as well. What exactly do fingerstick tests tell us about diabetes management?. ![]() People spend a lot of money to use these essential tools and often have a lot of questions about the real value they’re getting, including: Although many people with diabetes use continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) to track their blood sugar levels, most still rely on traditional fingerstick glucose meters and test strips. ![]() ![]() ![]() Of course, you can still order using the form from the printed flyer. Ordering online is fast, easy, and secure. SEND your order to me online by the due date and your child’s books will be delivered directly to my classroom. SELECT the books you’d like to order-choose from thousands of titles-many more than in our monthly flyers. This unique code ensures that your order is sent to me. When prompted, enter the one-time Class Activation Code shown above. Simply type in your class information, print, and staple This editable pack includes an introduction letter to ordering from Scholastic, 9 themed book order reminders, and 1 generic reminder.To edit, simply click on the text boxes and insert your own name, due dates, and class order code. How does Scholastic Book Clubs work Since 1948, Scholastic Book Clubs has inspired generations of kids (maybe even you) to love reading by choosing the books they want to read for fun. Register for your own user name and password. ![]() SIGN UP online here. On the parent page, click the “Register” button in the “First Time Here?” section. Shop By Grade Birth to Age 3 (Early Childhood) Ages 4-5 (Firefly). Plus, you can send your orders directly to me online and use your credit card to pay.īest of all, we earn a FREE book for the classroom library every time a parent places an order online. Get Started Sign In Create an Account Connect to Teacher. Scholastic Book Club Register at Enter the class activation code at the top of letter (H33D3) Choose from thousands of print. Choose from a much-wider selection of books than in the printed flyer. Explore Favorite Books Under 5 Expand Your Classroom Libraries with Titles Selected By Teachers. Now it’s easier than ever to find the perfect books for your child-shop our NEW online Book Clubs Web site.
![]() ![]() For example, on the first flip players will drink one drink if they have a card that matches rank with the revealed one. You drink an increasing number of drinks for each flip. Each player is dealt 4 cards face up and then cards are flipped this is called going up the river. This drinking card game is playable with 6 or more players, and even the dealer gets to participate in this game. Up and Down the River is one of my favorite fun drinking card games. Winners give out double that number while losers drink half their wager plus any additional drinks were given to them by the winner. The players bet on which ace they think will win using the number of drinks they want to give out. The Aces are the horses in this drinking card game and the remaining cards are used to determine the winner of the race. A standard deck of cards is used to set up a horse race. Horserace is a drinking card game with no limitations on players. If they get one wrong, they must drink and start over. Once the pyramid is built the player with the most cards in hand is the loser and must ride the bus, meaning answering the questions used in the first half of the game until they get all questions correct. The pyramid is built face down and while being flipped players may place cards matching flipped values to give other players drinks. The second half of the game is building a pyramid. Parameters may include things like: red or black, higher or lower, and so on and so forth. Players guess certain parameters their card may fall under and if they are wrong the drink. In Ride the Bus, players play a series of four rounds to get dealt a hand of four cards. It is also a pyramid card drinking game, but that describes better the second half of the game. Ride the Bus is one of the drinking card games for 4 on my list and can be played with up to eight players. Another example is Jack which involves the players playing a quick round of Never Have I Ever. All the cards offer a different mini game to compete in RIDE THE BUS This means each player starts drinking and doesn’t stop till the person who drew the card does, then the person to their left may stop and so on. Some examples being: Ace typically means waterfall. King’s cup is unusual from other 2 player drinking card games because each card has a different rule associated with it. It is the only two-player drinking game on this list and one of the only card drinking games for 2 I’ve ever played. King’s Cup is a two-person drinking card game. Other players may then fold, continue playing or increase the bid. During a trick, a player may knock and increase the bid by one life. This 3-player drinking card game is also be played with gambling, but instead of money, you gamble lives. This person buys a round for all everyone and a new game starts. ![]() The game is played till a player loses 10 lives. All following players must follow suit if possible and the person who plays the highest-ranking card wins the trick. Each player is dealt a hand of cards and the person left of the dealer starts the first trick. Toepen is a 3-person drinking card game that can be played with up to 8 people. Playing these games, again can be a hassle the first few times and you may realize halfway through you’ve been playing all wrong, but cut yourself a break, you are actively trying to get drunk after all.įor the drinking games, I’m listing below you’ll need alcohol, at least one friend (or more), and no plans for tomorrow. One of the best things about card games for drinking is that they usually do follow along with similar guidelines and rules so after learning a few many will build off similar ideas. The best drinking games are the ones where there’s just enough game to keep you entertained while not being so complicated that drunk you can’t keep up. Though, it can be hard to find good drinking card games, as sometimes there’s too much drinking to game ratio or vice versa. ![]() It makes sense humans love two things, games and alcohol and it should surprise no one that they love them together. Drinking card games have been popular since early civilization. ![]() ![]() A year on, the OLED is set to be included among the discount opportunities for Black Friday 2022, having already received some discount opportunities over recent months.īlack Friday will also provide one of very few opportunities to grab first-party Nintendo games at a saving, given these titles generally don't budge much in terms of pricing. As an Amazon Associate and affiliate Retail Fuse earns from qualifying purchases.(Image credit: Shutterstock / Vantage_DS)īlack Friday 2021 benefited from a more steady supply of consoles and larger discounts due to the launch of the Switch OLED one month beforehand. Retail Fuse earns commissions from purchases made using the links provided.Ībout Retail Fuse: Retail Fuse reports the latest retail news. Looking for more deals? Check out Walmart’s Black Friday & Cyber Monday sale and Amazon’s Black Friday & Cyber Monday deals to enjoy thousands more live offers. 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Find the top offers on the Nintendo Switch, Switch Lite, Wii, New 3DS XL and 2DS XL. Save on Nintendo deals at the Black Friday & Cyber Monday sale, featuring the top Nintendo Switch, Switch Lite & more console dealsīlack Friday & Cyber Monday Nintendo home and handheld console deals have arrived. ![]() ![]() It involves an aldol condensation of o-nitrobenzaldehyde with acetone, followed by cyclization and oxidative dimerization to indigo. The Baeyer-Drewson indigo synthesis dates back to 1882. Given its economic importance, indigo has been prepared by many methods. Light exposure during part of the dyeing process can convert the dibromoindigo into indigo, resulting in blue hues known as royal blue, hyacinth purple, or tekhelet. Natural sources of indigo also include mollusks the Murex genus of sea snails produces a mixture of indigo and 6,6′-dibromoindigo (red), which together produce a range of purple hues known as Tyrian purple. The powder was then mixed with various other substances to produce different shades of blue and purple. They precipitate from the fermented leaf solution when mixed with a strong base such as lye, pressed into cakes, dried, and powdered. The leaves were soaked in water and fermented to convert the glycoside indican present in the plant to indigotin. ![]() Indican was obtained from the processing of the plant's leaves, which contain as much as 0.2–0.8% of this compound. Oxidation by exposure to air converts indoxyl to indigotin, the insoluble blue chemical that is the endpoint of indigo dye. Indican readily hydrolyzes to release β- D- glucose and indoxyl. The precursor to indigo is indican, a colorless, water-soluble derivative of the amino acid tryptophan. Several plants contain indigo, which, when exposed to an oxidising source such as atmospheric oxygen, reacts to produce indigo dye however, the relatively low concentrations of indigo in these plants make them difficult to work with, with the color more easily tainted by other dye substances also present in these plants, typically leading to a greenish tinge. In Europe, Isatis tinctoria, commonly known as woad, was used for dyeing fabrics blue, containing the same dyeing compounds as indigo, also referred to as indigo. In Central and South America, the species grown is Indigofera suffruticosa, also known as anil, and in India, an important species was Indigofera arrecta, Natal indigo. Until the introduction of Indigofera species from the south, Polygonum tinctorum (dyer's knotweed) was the most important blue dyestuff in East Asia however, the crop produced less dyestuff than the average crop of indigo, and was quickly surpassed in favour of the more economical Indigofera tinctoria plant. A common alternative used in the relatively colder subtropical locations such as Japan's Ryukyu Islands and Taiwan is Strobilanthes cusia. The primary commercial indigo species in Asia was true indigo ( Indigofera tinctoria, also known as I. ![]() Sources Natural sources Ī variety of plants have provided indigo throughout history, but most natural indigo was obtained from those in the genus Indigofera, which are native to the tropics, notably the Indian Subcontinent. ![]() It is also used as a food colorant, and is listed in the United States as FD&C Blue No. 2. About 20,000 tonnes are produced annually, again mainly for the production of blue jeans. Indigo carmine, also known as indigo, is an indigo derivative which is also used as a colorant. Smaller quantities are used in the dyeing of wool and silk. The primary use for indigo is as a dye for cotton yarn, mainly used in the production of denim cloth suitable for blue jeans on average, a pair of blue jeans requires just 3 grams (0.11 oz) to 12 grams (0.42 oz) of dye. It is most commonly associated with the production of denim cloth and blue jeans, where its properties allow for effects such as stone washing and acid washing to be applied quickly. Most indigo dye produced today is synthetic, constituting several thousand tons each year. Indigo is a natural dye extracted from the leaves of some plants of the Indigofera genus, in particular Indigofera tinctoria dye-bearing Indigofera plants were commonly grown and used throughout the world, in Asia in particular, as an important crop, with the production of indigo dyestuff economically important due to the historical rarity of other blue dyestuffs Indigo dye is an organic compound with a distinctive blue color. ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Among the species that we can find are: the giant squid that manages to measure between 17 and 19 meters long, the dragon fish, balloon fish, crystal squid, octopus Dumbo, anoplogaster brachycera, soccpharynx, melanocetus johnsonii and fish axe. You can also find abyssal gigantism, which includes animals as large as sea spiders that measure more than 1.50 meters. Most of them are also bioluminescent, which helps them attract prey and avoid certain dangers. Certainly the animals that inhabit this area are very strange and have a monstrous appearance. With increasing depth, carnivores and scavengers become less abundant than animals that feed on mud and suspended matter.Ībyssal animals are believed to reproduce very slowly. Crustaceans and abyssal fish may be blind. The mobile forms have long legs and the animals tied to the bottom have stems, allowing them to rise above the water layer closest to the bottom, where oxygen is scarce. These animals tend to be gray or black, not very structured and without lines. The fish that inhabit the abyssal zone are known as abyssal fish. There can be underwater accidents such as mountains, mountain ranges, plateaus and islands of volcanic origin.It has a great shortage of nutrients and has no natural light. The temperature of the abyssal zone is very cold and has a quite high hydrostatic pressure.The abyssal zone is located between 3,000 and 6,000 meters deep, below the area known as bathypelagic and hadopelagic.Below 4,000 m, calcium carbonate tends to dissolve, and the main constituents of the sediment are brown clays and siliceous remains of radiolarian zooplankton and phytoplankton as diatoms.The abyssal sediment in waters below 4,000 m in equatorial regions is mainly formed from the calcareous shells of foraminiferous zooplankton and phytoplankton, known as coccolithophores.It is usually far enough from the land for sediment to be composed predominantly of microscopic remains of plankton produced in the food chain in the overlying waters from which they settle.The abyssal zone is a very quiet place and is kept away from storms that affect oceans. Abyssal life is concentrated on the seabed, however, the water closest to the floor may be essentially depleted of oxygen.Abyssal waters retain several cubic centimeters per liter of dissolved oxygen because dispersed animal populations do not consume oxygen faster than it is introduced in the abyssal zone.The oxygen content in abyssal water is completely dependent on the amounts at their polar site of origin and the absence of the photosynthesis process, which prevents the introduction of new oxygen at depth. ![]() |
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